Taxon ID:
Usage Facet: class=edible; edible_score=1.0; ornamental_score=0.0; inferred_from_taxon=no
Relationships: 0 | Linked Entities (visible): 0 | Evidence claims: 7 | History events: 0 | Catalog issue offerings: 0
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Evidence Badge: emerging | claims=7 | sources=1 | contradictions=0
Claim Types: breeder_reference:1, description_snippet:1, fruit_size:1, productivity:1, recommendation_context:1, selection_origin_reference:1, taxon_context:1 | Open evidence summary JSON | Open citation drawer JSON
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Blackhawk is an Americana plum that was reportedly found wild in Blackhawk County, Iowa. It was already in print by February 1889 in an Iowa Experiment Station reference tied to R. P. Speer.[S1] The surviving account presents it as a local wild selection that entered early station literature, not clearly as a named breeding release.[S1]
The fruit was reported as quite large, and A. Norby described the tree as a good cropper.[S1] But the fruit had serious quality problems. Norby wrote that it dropped before it was fully colored and had a very tough skin. He later judged the skin or "hide" too thick and tough for any use.[S1] On this evidence, Blackhawk was productive but not valued for eating or kitchen use.[S1]
The source places Blackhawk in the Americana plum group, which fits its wild Iowa origin and its place in older Upper Midwest plum evaluation work.[S1] The material provided gives no parentage, breeder, release year, season, storage record, or later breeding role.[S1]
Summary source basis
This summary currently draws chiefly from Plums in South Dakota.
Featured source descriptions
“It was found wild in Blackhawk County, Iowa.”
— [1]
“A. Norby reported: 'Good crop; quite large; drops before colored and has a sole leather skin.'”
— [1]
“A. Norby reported that the tree produces well.”
— [1]
“A. Norby reported the skin or 'hide' was too thick and tough for any use.”
— [1]
Direct parent cultivars
Parentage claim text
Derived or downstream cultivar links
Source-story quotations
Taxonomy context: No family-tree context surfaced yet.
Related cultivars mentioned in source context
Zone assertions are structured rows. Hardiness claim text appears in evidence claims and page-linked citations.
| Zone Min | Zone Max | Zone Text | Assertion Type | Outcome | Location | Confidence |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No explicit zone assertion rows yet. | ||||||
No linked media assets.
| Document | Title/URL | Rights | Claims | Relationships | History Events | Pages | Snippets |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 17 | Plums in South Dakota | unknown | 7 | 0 | 0 | p11 | A. Norby reported the skin or 'hide' was too thick and tough for any use.; A. Norby described the fruit as quite large or of good size.; A. Norby reported that the tree produces well.; A. Norby reported: 'Good crop; quit |
| Document | Page | Claim Type | Claim | Quote | Match |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 17 | p11 | recommendation_context | A. Norby reported the skin or 'hide' was too thick and tough for any use. | Blackhawk, Americana. HISTORY.-Found wild in Blackhawk county, Iowa. Mentioned by R. P. Speer, February, 1889. (Bulletin 4, Iowa Experiment Station.) | page_block:0.90 |
| 17 | p11 | fruit_size | A. Norby described the fruit as quite large or of good size. | Blackhawk, Americana. HISTORY.-Found wild in Blackhawk county, Iowa. Mentioned by R. P. Speer, February, 1889. (Bulletin 4, Iowa Experiment Station.) | page_block:0.90 |
| 17 | p11 | productivity | A. Norby reported that the tree produces well. | Blackhawk, Americana. HISTORY.-Found wild in Blackhawk county, Iowa. Mentioned by R. P. Speer, February, 1889. (Bulletin 4, Iowa Experiment Station.) | page_block:0.90 |
| 17 | p11 | description_snippet | A. Norby reported: 'Good crop; quite large; drops before colored and has a sole leather skin.' | Blackhawk, Americana. HISTORY.-Found wild in Blackhawk county, Iowa. Mentioned by R. P. Speer, February, 1889. (Bulletin 4, Iowa Experiment Station.) | page_block:0.90 |
| 17 | p11 | breeder_reference | It was mentioned by R. P. Speer in February 1889. | Blackhawk, Americana. HISTORY.-Found wild in Blackhawk county, Iowa. Mentioned by R. P. Speer, February, 1889. (Bulletin 4, Iowa Experiment Station.) | page_block:0.90 |
| 17 | p11 | selection_origin_reference | It was found wild in Blackhawk County, Iowa. | Blackhawk, Americana. HISTORY.-Found wild in Blackhawk county, Iowa. Mentioned by R. P. Speer, February, 1889. (Bulletin 4, Iowa Experiment Station.) | page_block:0.90 |
| 17 | p11 | taxon_context | Blackhawk is classified as an Americana plum. | Blackhawk, Americana. HISTORY.-Found wild in Blackhawk county, Iowa. Mentioned by R. P. Speer, February, 1889. (Bulletin 4, Iowa Experiment Station.) | page_block:0.90 |
| Year | Nursery | Catalog Issue | Relation |
|---|---|---|---|
| No catalog issue offerings linked. | |||
| Relation | Type | ID | Label |
|---|---|---|---|
| No linked entities at this filter level. | |||
| Type | Claim | Confidence |
|---|---|---|
| recommendation_context | A. Norby reported the skin or 'hide' was too thick and tough for any use. | 0.96 |
| fruit_size | A. Norby described the fruit as quite large or of good size. | 0.92 |
| productivity | A. Norby reported that the tree produces well. | 0.93 |
| description_snippet | A. Norby reported: 'Good crop; quite large; drops before colored and has a sole leather skin.' | 0.90 |
| breeder_reference | It was mentioned by R. P. Speer in February 1889. | 0.95 |
| selection_origin_reference | It was found wild in Blackhawk County, Iowa. | 0.97 |
| taxon_context | Blackhawk is classified as an Americana plum. | 0.99 |
| ID | Type | Year | Label |
|---|---|---|---|
| No history events. | |||