Fruit Culture

Document 23

Title: Fruit Culture

Source URL: https://openprairie.sdstate.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1049&context=agexperimentsta_bulletins

Archive provenance: source_site=Open PRAIRIE | institution=South Dakota State University | source_root=https://openprairie.sdstate.edu/ | local_archive=/usr/local/var/www/pomologica/data/raw/manual/ingest_queue/research_groups_20260309/1049_agexperimentsta_bulletins.pdf

Type: pdf | Language: en | Rights: unknown

Aliases: 1 | Provenance events: 2 | Evidence claims: 19

Archivist page review: Review parse variants for page 5

Open profile JSON | Open citation JSON

Document Metadata

Institution:

Publisher:

Site: Open PRAIRIE

Year:

Page count: 41

Type: pdf_document

Metadata source: intake_backfill_v1

Relationship Records

ID	Relation	Source	Target	Source Doc
167	mentioned_in_document	University Of Minnesota	Fruit Culture	23
166	mentioned_in_document	South Dakota State University Agricultural Experiment Station	Fruit Culture	23
165	mentioned_in_document	South Dakota Agricultural College	Fruit Culture	23
164	mentioned_in_document	Bulletins South Dakota State University	Fruit Culture	23
163	mentioned_in_document	South Dakota State University	Fruit Culture	23

History Records

ID	Type	Year	Label
303	year_reference	1888	Year reference 1888
302	year_reference	1896	Year reference 1896
301	year_reference	1897	Year reference 1897
304	institution_mention	1897	South Dakota State University
305	institution_mention	1897	Bulletins South Dakota State University
306	institution_mention	1897	South Dakota Agricultural College
307	institution_mention	1897	South Dakota State University Agricultural Experiment Station
308	institution_mention	1897	University Of Minnesota

Document Reader

Reviewable cultivar from this document:

This selector is limited to cultivars that already have staging pages. Additional parsed names stay in the linked records table below.

102 additional parsed names from this document do not have staging cultivar pages yet.

Parsed Cultivar Detail

Cultivar: Hibernal

Pages in document: p5 p6 p7 p9 p11 p30 p33 p36 p37

Entry Snippets

Page	Basis	Snippet
5	cultivar_list_member	Of the first degree of hardiness for planting in Minnesota are Duchess, Hibernal, Charlamoff.
6	explicit_cultivar_reference	HIBERNAL. Among the Russian apples are several varieties that closely resemble No. 378, which is called Hibernal. Recumbent or Lieby (No. 240) is one of these ... The next page states Hibernal as very spreading and considerably hardier than Oldenburg.
7	named_entry_heading	Hibernal (Russian). As it is generally grown practically the same as Recumbent. The Hibernal trees in the Station orchard at Brookings are models of health and vigor... excellent for culinary purposes but is too acid for general table use.
9	explicit_cultivar_reference	Apo rt bo re a good crop of large, red st riped apples ... Hibernal is perfect in tree stnd a strong growe r.
11	explicit_cultivar_reference	The list includes mostly such varieties as Hib ernal, Recumbent, Anisim and many other Russians.
30	explicit_cultivar_reference	Of the later plantings Hibernal and Patten's Greening of the apples ... seem the most promising.
33	explicit_cultivar_reference	The Hib ernal is a fairly good tr ee, but the fr uit is very poor.
36	explicit_cultivar_reference	Hibernal stands the best of all; out of thirty-five trees planted only three have died so far; they have stood the heat and drought better than the Early Strawberry, Martha or Virginia.
37	explicit_cultivar_reference	"Iwould recommend as the best and hardiest apples to plant here the Hibernal, Duchess and Whitney."

Raw Parsed Claims

Page	Type	Claim	Confidence
5	recommendation_context	Classed as first-degree hardiness for Minnesota planting.	0.99
5	anecdote_snippet	Later note group compares another safe kind to this cultivar, indicating practical equivalence framing.	0.7
6	selection_origin_reference	Listed as the name Hibernal among Russian apples, with several near-forms mentioned in relation to No. 378.	0.88
6	selection_origin_reference	Recumbent/Lieby (No. 240) is named as one variety closely associated with Hibernal-like selections.	0.86
6	entry_hardiness_observation	Further context (neighboring page text) characterizes Hibernal as hardier than Oldenburg and very spreading habit.	0.75
6	recommendation_context	Its performance is used as a standard in comparisons for colder Minnesota conditions.	0.8
6	description_snippet	The text presents Hibernal as a reference point in a Russian-group hardiness discussion rather than only as a standalone prose paragraph.	0.84
7	entry_hardiness_observation	Described as considerably hardier than Oldenburg and especially desirable in northern parts of the state where Duchess is not fully reliable.	0.94
7	growth_habit	Tree is described as very spreading in habit and a rather early, regular, productive bearer.	0.92
7	fruit_size	Fruit is described as large.	0.88
7	fruit_color	Fruit color is much like the Oldenburg type.	0.87
7	flavor_profile	Fruit is rather sour but excellent for cooking, and acceptable for table use when fully ripe.	0.9
7	keeping_quality	Fruit season is late autumn/early winter as far north as Minneapolis; can be kept until March with extra care.	0.9
7	recommendation_context	Suggested as a practical replacement or companion where more delicate apples are not dependable in colder regions.	0.78
7	selection_origin_reference	Explicitly identified as a Russian apple.	0.98
9	productivity	Observed with a good crop.	0.88
9	fruit_size	Fruit described as large and red-striped.	0.66
9	growth_habit	Tree described as open, spreading habit; strong grower.	0.74
9	description_snippet	Listed in the same section with other hardy trial entries.	0.83
11	selection_origin_reference	Named as one of the hardy varieties chosen by the station for seedling trials.	0.87
11	entry_hardiness_observation	Its inclusion is tied to the page’s hardiness-focused selection strategy for apple seed propagation in colder regions.	0.81
30	recommendation_context	Listed as a promising later apple planting in this orchard context.	0.95
30	anecdote_snippet	Reported as part of the cultivars recommended for continued orchard attention.	0.87
33	anecdote_snippet	Described as a fairly good tree but with poor fruit quality.	0.93
36	entry_hardiness_observation	Explicitly identified as strongest performer under heat and drought stress among the listed cultivars.	0.97
36	productivity	Out of thirty-five planted trees, only three had died at the time of reporting.	0.95
37	recommendation_context	Listed among the best and hardiest apples for the climate described.	0.96
37	entry_hardiness_observation	Included in a group selected as hardiest under local winter conditions.	0.87

Inherited Context

p5: Apple | Apple cultivars | Crabs and hybrids | Fruit Culture | Regional recommendations and list of proven/suggested hardy fruit varieties | South Dakota Agricultural College / South Dakota State University Agricultural Experiment Station | Minnesota State Horticultural Societ
p6: Malus | apple cultivars | Russian apples / No.378 family | hardy Russian apple set | Fruit Culture | APPLES | South Dakota Agricultural College / South Dakota State University Agricultural Experiment Station | University of Minnesota | selection and evaluation of hardy apple
p7: Apple (Malus) | Apple cultivation | Russian-origin hard apple selections | Cold-hardy northern apples | Apple cultivars → hardy and late-season entries → practical culture and propagation guidance | South Dakota | Minnesota | northern U.S. locations (e.g., Minneapolis)
p9: Apple cultivar performance notes. | Malus | Hardy trial apples. | Cold-hardy orchard candidates. | Experimental orchard trial entries | Named apple and crabapple entries | Performance notes by cultivar | South Dakota | Minnesota | Iowa
p11: Apple (Malus domestica) | Apple cultivar selection and breeding | Seedling source material for hardy apple breeding | Hardy seedling and cross-trial program | SEEDING APPLES | GENERAL NOTES | South Dakota | Upper Midwest | Northwest | northern fruit-growing borders
p30: apple | orchard cultivar performance in South Dakota | apple cultivar trial entries | apple and crabapple observations | orchard cultivation and disease pressure | evaluation of later plantings and varietal performance | hardy native plum list with named entries
p33: apples/crabapples (named selections) | South Dakota fruit selection notes | County-level report section within the Fruit Culture bulletin, following earlier discussion of orchard survival and continuing with practical cultivar listings and outcomes. | South Dakota (county-le
p36: Apple/cultivar stress-comparison segment | Malus and other fruit types in comparative orchard performance notes | No formal hybrid group noted | No named hybrid group | Continuation of field correspondence section on orchard establishment and long-horizon survival of planted
p37: apple | cold-climate adaptation | apple and crabapple performance under severe winters | plum cultivar guidance and hardiness notes | South Dakota | northern prairie climate | cold winters

Cultivar Citation Focus: This reader is filtered to citation evidence linked to Hibernal (ID 120) within document 23. Use the rows below to jump the PDF directly to relevant passages.

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Linked Cultivars

ID	Cultivar	Evidence / Claims	History / Pages	Link
parsed only	Duchess	37	5, 6, 8, 9, 10, 26, ...	No staging cultivar page yet
parsed only	Wealthy	34	5, 6, 7, 26, 27, 28, ...	No staging cultivar page yet
parsed only	Hibernal	28	5, 6, 7, 9, 11, 30, ...	No staging cultivar page yet
parsed only	Desoto	23	18, 20, 21, 22, 33, 37, ...	No staging cultivar page yet
parsed only	Wyant	20	18, 20, 21, 22, 30, 31	No staging cultivar page yet
parsed only	Forest Garden	19	18, 20, 22, 30, 31, 33, ...	No staging cultivar page yet
parsed only	Transcendent	18	8, 9, 26, 27, 29, 30, ...	No staging cultivar page yet
parsed only	Virginia	16	5, 8, 9, 26, 30, 36, ...	No staging cultivar page yet
parsed only	Longfield	15	5, 6, 7, 30, 40	No staging cultivar page yet
parsed only	Wolf	15	18, 20, 22, 30, 31, 34, ...	No staging cultivar page yet
parsed only	Whitney No 20	14	8, 26, 27, 29, 37, 39, ...	No staging cultivar page yet
parsed only	Melinda	13	5, 6, 8, 30	No staging cultivar page yet
parsed only	Patten'S Greening	12	5, 8, 9, 27, 30, 36	No staging cultivar page yet
parsed only	Whitney	12	5, 8, 9, 34, 36	No staging cultivar page yet
parsed only	Ben Davis	11	5, 26, 27, 33, 34, 40	No staging cultivar page yet
parsed only	Charlamoff	11	5, 6, 36	No staging cultivar page yet
parsed only	Crescent	11	24, 29, 31, 41	No staging cultivar page yet
parsed only	Haas	11	5, 26, 27, 32, 33, 35, ...	No staging cultivar page yet
parsed only	Martha	11	5, 8, 29, 36, 37	No staging cultivar page yet
parsed only	Briar Sweet	9	5, 26, 27, 30, 35, 37	No staging cultivar page yet
parsed only	Concord	9	23, 24, 32, 40	No staging cultivar page yet
parsed only	Early Strawberry	9	5, 9, 26, 27, 35, 36, ...	No staging cultivar page yet
parsed only	Houghton	9	24, 31, 32, 38, 41	No staging cultivar page yet
parsed only	Rockford	9	20, 22, 31	No staging cultivar page yet
parsed only	Tetofsky	9	8, 40	No staging cultivar page yet
parsed only	Walbridge	9	26, 27, 32, 33, 39, 40	No staging cultivar page yet
parsed only	White	9	24, 31, 34, 38, 41	No staging cultivar page yet
parsed only	Early Richmond	8	23, 40	No staging cultivar page yet
parsed only	Hyslop	8	8, 9, 26, 27, 34, 35, ...	No staging cultivar page yet
parsed only	Red Dutch	8	24, 32, 34, 38, 41	No staging cultivar page yet
parsed only	Turner	8	23, 24, 31, 38	No staging cultivar page yet
parsed only	Arthur	7	9, 40	No staging cultivar page yet
parsed only	Miner	7	22, 34	No staging cultivar page yet
parsed only	Minnesota	7	5, 6, 26, 27, 30, 37	No staging cultivar page yet
parsed only	New Ulm	7	30, 31	No staging cultivar page yet
parsed only	Worden	7	23, 24, 32	No staging cultivar page yet
parsed only	Antonovka	6	29, 32	No staging cultivar page yet
parsed only	Cheney	6	30, 31	No staging cultivar page yet
parsed only	De Soto	6	30, 31, 34	No staging cultivar page yet
parsed only	Prunus Americana	6	18, 19	No staging cultivar page yet
parsed only	Rollingstone	6	20, 22	No staging cultivar page yet
parsed only	Victoria	6	24, 31, 32, 34, 38	No staging cultivar page yet
parsed only	Baldwin	5	33, 39, 40	No staging cultivar page yet
parsed only	Burbank	5	22	No staging cultivar page yet
parsed only	Duchess Of Oldenburg	5	39, 40	No staging cultivar page yet
parsed only	Fay'S Prolific	5	38, 41	No staging cultivar page yet
parsed only	Harrison'S Peach	5	22, 30	No staging cultivar page yet
parsed only	Janesville	5	23, 24, 32	No staging cultivar page yet
parsed only	Kaump	5	5, 6, 8	No staging cultivar page yet
parsed only	Okabena	5	5, 8, 9	No staging cultivar page yet
parsed only	Rawle'S Janet	5	5, 33, 40	No staging cultivar page yet
parsed only	Recumbent	5	6, 11	No staging cultivar page yet
parsed only	Russian Mulberry	5	34, 35	No staging cultivar page yet
parsed only	Stoddard	5	20, 30, 31	No staging cultivar page yet
parsed only	Virginia Crab	5	27, 28	No staging cultivar page yet
parsed only	Anisim	4	8, 11	No staging cultivar page yet
parsed only	Bartlett	4	40	No staging cultivar page yet
parsed only	Bessarabian	4	31	No staging cultivar page yet
parsed only	Christmas	4	5, 6, 8	No staging cultivar page yet
parsed only	Downing	4	24, 38	No staging cultivar page yet
parsed only	Early Red	4	30, 31	No staging cultivar page yet
parsed only	Golden Prune	4	40	No staging cultivar page yet
parsed only	Goose	4	20, 22	No staging cultivar page yet
parsed only	Greenwood	4	5, 9, 36, 37	No staging cultivar page yet
parsed only	Hawkeye	4	20, 30, 31	No staging cultivar page yet
parsed only	Hutchinson Sweet	4	35, 37	No staging cultivar page yet
parsed only	Lombard	4	33, 40	No staging cultivar page yet
parsed only	Mann	4	39, 40	No staging cultivar page yet
parsed only	Marianna	4	19	No staging cultivar page yet
parsed only	Milton Crab	4	35	No staging cultivar page yet
parsed only	Myrobolan	4	19	No staging cultivar page yet
parsed only	Old Gold	4	30, 31	No staging cultivar page yet
parsed only	Orange	4	26, 27, 30, 35	No staging cultivar page yet
parsed only	Peerless	4	5, 8, 33	No staging cultivar page yet
parsed only	Perry Russet	4	5, 32, 33	No staging cultivar page yet
parsed only	Price'S Sweet	4	39, 40	No staging cultivar page yet
parsed only	Red Astrachan	4	26, 40	No staging cultivar page yet
parsed only	White Pigeon	4	5, 6, 8	No staging cultivar page yet
parsed only	Yellow Sweet	4	5, 6, 8	No staging cultivar page yet
parsed only	Yellow Transparent	4	32, 33	No staging cultivar page yet
parsed only	Ancient Briton	3	24	No staging cultivar page yet
parsed only	Beder Wood	3	24, 31	No staging cultivar page yet
parsed only	Black Tartarian	3	40	No staging cultivar page yet
parsed only	Blushed Calville	3	5, 8	No staging cultivar page yet
parsed only	Brett	3	5, 8	No staging cultivar page yet
parsed only	Capt Jack	3	41	No staging cultivar page yet
parsed only	Chickasaw	3	26, 27	No staging cultivar page yet
parsed only	Chickasaw Crab	3	28	No staging cultivar page yet
parsed only	Cuthbert	3	23, 24	No staging cultivar page yet
parsed only	Darrt'S Greenwood	3	35	No staging cultivar page yet
parsed only	English Morello	3	40	No staging cultivar page yet
parsed only	Fameuse	3	5, 26, 33	No staging cultivar page yet
parsed only	Flemish Beauty	3	40	No staging cultivar page yet
parsed only	Gilbert	3	5, 8	No staging cultivar page yet
parsed only	Idaho Peach	3	40	No staging cultivar page yet
parsed only	Iowa Beauty	3	40	No staging cultivar page yet
parsed only	Marlboro	3	23, 24	No staging cultivar page yet
parsed only	Milton	3	22, 37	No staging cultivar page yet
parsed only	Moore'S Early	3	23, 24	No staging cultivar page yet
parsed only	Nemeha	3	23, 24	No staging cultivar page yet
parsed only	Ohio	3	23, 24	No staging cultivar page yet
parsed only	Older	3	23, 24	No staging cultivar page yet
parsed only	Ostheim	3	31	No staging cultivar page yet
parsed only	Peach	3	19	No staging cultivar page yet
parsed only	Pewaukee	3	40	No staging cultivar page yet
parsed only	Repka Malenka	3	5, 8	No staging cultivar page yet
parsed only	Rollingstonp	3	18	No staging cultivar page yet
parsed only	St Julien	3	19	No staging cultivar page yet
parsed only	Titus	3	32, 33	No staging cultivar page yet
parsed only	Warfield	3	24	No staging cultivar page yet
parsed only	Washington	3	40	No staging cultivar page yet
parsed only	Apple Trees	2	18	No staging cultivar page yet
parsed only	Apricot	2	19	No staging cultivar page yet
parsed only	Black Naples	2	34	No staging cultivar page yet
parsed only	Champion	2	30, 31	No staging cultivar page yet
parsed only	Charles Downing	2	22	No staging cultivar page yet
parsed only	Cherry	2	34, 38	No staging cultivar page yet
parsed only	Cross No 413	2	8	No staging cultivar page yet
parsed only	Dr Dennis	2	30, 31	No staging cultivar page yet
parsed only	Elgin Beauty	2	27	No staging cultivar page yet

Document-Linked Records

Relationships: 5

History events: 8

These are the structured records currently tied to this document. They should line up with the document’s main cultivar story.

Rights Records

Status	License	Holder
unknown

Credibility Records

Tier	Score	Assessor	Rationale
tier_3	55	auto	Unclassified domain; requires manual source evaluation

Translation Records

Source Lang	Target Lang	Method	Status	Note
No translation records.

Translation Quality Assessments

Translation ID	Score	Risk	Assessor	Rationale
No translation assessments.

Publication Records

Status	Visibility	Reviewer	Note
No publication records.

Extracted Entities

Type	Value	Confidence
institution_candidate	University of Minnesota	0.60
institution_candidate	South Dakota State University Agricultural Experiment Station	0.60
institution_candidate	South Dakota Agricultural College	0.60
institution_candidate	Bulletins South Dakota State University	0.60
institution_candidate	South Dakota State University	0.60
taxon_keyword	prunus	0.65
taxon_keyword	malus	0.65

Extracted Claims

Type	Claim	Confidence
description_snippet	A rather early and regular bearer and productive.	0.54
description_snippet	Melinda, Yellow Sweet, Christmas and Minnesota are tardy bearers.	0.54
description_snippet	2-Liehy (Recumbent), Juicy Burr Rnrl Rornna clm,ely resemble the Hibernal and are equally safe kinds.	0.54
description_snippet	6, Briar Sweet, Tonka, Powers.	0.54
description_snippet	Best for general cultivation: Virginia, Martha, Whit.ney, EArly Strawberry, ·Minnesota, Sweet Rnsset, Gideon's No.	0.54
description_snippet	Promising varieties for trial: Pat.ten's GreeninQ', Okabena, Peerless, Repka Malenka, Anisirn, Yellow Sweet, Kaump, Gilbert, Brett, Christmas, Blushed Calville, Cross · 413, White	0.54
description_snippet	the state, a few old orchards in fa.ir condition are found, containing varieties of the grade of hardiness of Haas, Plumb's Cider, Fameuse, Perry Russet, Utter's Red, Willow Twig,	0.54
culinary_use	cooking, and not to be	0.56
productivity	productive	0.56
storage_duration	storage houses are beginning to store it for	0.56
growth_habit	spreading	0.52
institution_reference	University of Minnesota	0.60
institution_reference	South Dakota State University Agricultural Experiment Station	0.60
institution_reference	South Dakota Agricultural College	0.60
institution_reference	Bulletins South Dakota State University	0.60
institution_reference	South Dakota State University	0.60
year_reference	1888	0.55
year_reference	1896	0.55
year_reference	1897	0.55