Plums in South Dakota

Document 17

Title: Plums in South Dakota

Source URL: https://openprairie.sdstate.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1092&context=agexperimentsta_bulletins

Archive provenance: source_site=Open PRAIRIE | institution=South Dakota State University | source_root=https://openprairie.sdstate.edu/ | local_archive=/usr/local/var/www/pomologica/data/raw/manual/ingest_queue/openprairie_20260309/1092_agexperimentsta_bulletins.pdf

Type: pdf | Language: en | Rights: unknown

Aliases: 1 | Provenance events: 2 | Evidence claims: 400

Open profile JSON | Open citation JSON

Document Metadata

Institution:

Publisher:

Site: Open PRAIRIE

Year:

Page count: 89

Type: pdf_document

Metadata source: intake_backfill_v1

Document Assessment

# Document Assessment

This document is mixed or ambiguous and benefits from review before broad promotion. It contains structured cultivar-bearing material across about 60 parsed pages and roughly 293 named entry blocks.

A document this dense may include released cultivars, selections, abbreviations, or grouped entries that need later post-processing classification. Mixed page structure means some taxonomy, trial, or context material may be as important as the cultivar entries themselves.

Use this document more as review context and a source of follow-up leads than as a blind cultivar promotion source.

Relationship Records

IDRelationSourceTargetSource Doc
123mentioned_in_documentSdsu Agricultural Experiment StationPlums in South Dakota17
122mentioned_in_documentSouth Dakota Agricultural CollegePlums in South Dakota17
121mentioned_in_documentBulletins Sdsu Agricultural Experiment StationPlums in South Dakota17
120mentioned_in_documentSouth Dakota State UniversityPlums in South Dakota17

History Records

IDTypeYearLabel
232year_reference1905Year reference 1905
233institution_mention1905South Dakota State University
234institution_mention1905Bulletins Sdsu Agricultural Experiment Station
235institution_mention1905South Dakota Agricultural College
236institution_mention1905Sdsu Agricultural Experiment Station

Document Reader

Reviewable cultivar from this document:

This selector is limited to cultivars that already have staging pages. Additional parsed names stay in the linked records table below.

58 additional parsed names from this document do not have staging cultivar pages yet.

Parsed Cultivar Detail

Cultivar: Forest Garden

Pages in document: p18 p19 p55 p85 p86 p87

Entry Snippets

PageBasisSnippet
18named_entry_headingForest Garden, Americana. Found in the woods at Cedar Rapids, Iowa, by Thomas Hare and introduced about 1862 by H. C. Raymond of the Forest Garden nurseries, Council Bluffs, Iowa. ... trees are weak in the forks and are inclined to split under heavy fruiting .
19explicit_cultivar_referencetrees of Forest Garden on own roots and on native plum roots are larger in tree and of rather open habit. A. Norby: "Good crop; ripe August 26th; size one and one-eighth to one and one-fourth in ches. Sweet; cracks badly after a rain ; stands drought very well
55named_entry_headingMiddle row label includes 'Forest Garden'.
85explicit_cultivar_reference"Recommened for general culti vation: ... Forest Garden, Cheney, ..."
86explicit_cultivar_referenceAlex Allison had Forest Garden planted but not fruited yet; Buchanan notes "Forest Garden ... have frozen back nearly all the new growth every year."
87explicit_cultivar_referenceAmong those occasionally killed back from the top when one or two years old are Forest Garden, Wolf, Rockford, Stoddard, flammer.

Raw Parsed Claims

PageTypeClaimConfidence
18selection_origin_referenceFound in woods at Cedar Rapids, Iowa, by Thomas Hare.0.98
18breeder_referenceIntroduced around 1862 by H. C. Raymond of Forest Garden nurseries, Council Bluffs, Iowa.0.97
18tree_formHabit implied as a sprawling form, with a recommendation to prune leading branches to correct openness.0.86
18entry_hardiness_observationSome trees split in forks and trees may be weak under load; can be damaged in wet seasons.0.9
18productivityMany trees reported as heavy bearers, with fruit of rather small but very good quality.0.94
18fruit_sizeFruit described as rather small.0.93
18fruit_colorFruit color not explicitly stated in the readable lines for this entry on this page.0.97
18keeping_qualityCracks badly in wet seasons and is a poor keeper after picking.0.96
18rootstock_compatibilityTrial data notes planting on sand cherry roots; fifteen trees (planted in 1898) developed strong trees with good fruiting.0.91
18description_snippetRipening observations include 1902 Sept. 1, 1903 Sept. 7, and 1904 Sept. 7.0.96
19description_snippetTrees of Forest Garden are larger on own roots and on native plum roots, with a rather open habit.0.86
19fruit_sizeA. Norby reports fruit size of approximately one and one-eighth to one and one-fourth inches.0.88
19flavor_profileFruit described as sweet.0.91
19productivityDescribed as a good crop in the cited 1902 observation; later observations describe the variety as productive.0.84
19entry_hardiness_observationVariety noted as standing drought very well; 1903 and 1904 notes emphasize drought tolerance and recurring skin cracking after rain.0.83
19description_snippetLater notes include splits in growth: "Tree a little weak" (1902) and later "Tree a rampa nt grower, splits easily".0.78
55entry_locationMiddle-row entry on plate; adjacent to Wolf Seedling material.0.81
55description_snippetNo descriptive traits are recoverable in this OCR line.0.68
85recommendation_contextIncluded in the general-cultivation plum list adopted by the Minnesota State Horticultural Society.0.9
85source_reference_abbreviationSource context is the 1904 Minnesota State Horticultural Society recommendation list.0.9
86entry_hardiness_observationShowed severe annual top growth freeze-back in Manitoba report.0.94
86productivityNot yet reported as fruiting by one contributor at time of writing.0.81
87entry_hardiness_observationThe cultivar is specifically listed as occasionally killed back from the top when the tree is one or two years old.0.86
87anecdote_snippetIts top-kill behavior is cited in a comparative set of northern-hardiness observations.0.79

Inherited Context

  • p18: Plum | Prunus | Plum and native plum-root relationships | Sand cherry rootstock notes | Plum cultivar evaluations section (variety-by-variety narrative notes and annual trial observations). | South Dakota | Minnesota | Iowa
  • p19: Prunus (plum) cultivar notes | Plum and prune material in the SDSU trial bulletin | field-evaluated hardy plum introductions | native-rooted or adapted plum stock contexts in cold climates | Prunus cultivar entries with annual notes and orchard performance summaries | South
  • p55: Plums in South Dakota | PLATE No. 8 | State Fair Seedlings | South Dakota | Northern Great Plains agricultural context
  • p85: Prunus (plum) | Prunus spp., with emphasis on plums for northern orchards | general-cultivation plum selections | practical cultivar recommendations | Plums in South Dakota | Breeding | Recommendation list | South Dakota State University Agricultural Experiment Station | Ope
  • p86: Prunus (plum) | plum cultivars discussed for northern adaptation | Practical correspondence excerpts from growers documenting north-end hardiness and fruiting behavior | South Dakota | North Dakota | Manitoba | Minnesota
  • p87: Prunus | Plum breeding and hardiness discussion within Prunus | named cultivar entries used as performance examples | Hybrid development is discussed as complementary to cultivar evaluation | Hardy plum evaluation and recommendations | Breeding rationale and practical orchar

Cultivar Citation Focus: This reader is filtered to citation evidence linked to Forest Garden (ID 403) within document 17. Use the rows below to jump the PDF directly to relevant passages.

Citation focus: cultivar focus: Forest Garden (ID 403) | page focus: 87 | quote focus: Found in the woods at Cedar Rapids, Iowa, by Thomas Hare.

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PageTypeQuoteClaimEntityJump
18taxon_contextForest Garden, Americana.Forest Garden is identified as an Americana plum.cultivar 403Open Review parse
18selection_origin_referenceForest Garden, Americana.Found in the woods at Cedar Rapids, Iowa, by Thomas Hare.cultivar 403Open Review parse
18entry_locationForest Garden, Americana.It was introduced about 1862 by H. C. Raymond of the Forest Garden nurseries, Council Bluffs, Iowa.cultivar 403Open Review parse
18release_year_referenceForest Garden, Americana.The introduction date is given as about 1862.cultivar 403Open Review parse
18recommendation_contextForest Garden, Americana.Owing to its earliness and excellent quality this variety still retains a place on the fruit list.cultivar 403Open Review parse
18growth_habitForest Garden, Americana.The trees are weak in the forks and inclined to split under heavy fruiting.cultivar 403Open Review parse
18fruit_sizeForest Garden, Americana.The fruit is not of large size.cultivar 403Open Review parse
18productivityForest Garden, Americana.Many trees at the South Dakota Experiment Station have proven heavy bearers.cultivar 403Open Review parse
18flavor_profileForest Garden, Americana.The fruit is of very good quality.cultivar 403Open Review parse
18description_snippetForest Garden, Americana.Some trees have been badly injured by splitting down in the forks.cultivar 403Open Review parse
18storage_durationForest Garden, Americana.In wet seasons the fruit cracks badly and is a poor keeper after picking.cultivar 403Open Review parse
18rootstock_compatibilityForest Garden, Americana.Fifteen trees of Forest Garden on sand cherry roots planted in orchard in 1898 as one-year trees made a strong well shaped tree with a few dcultivar 403Open Review parse
19rootstock_compatibilitytrees of Forest Garden on own roots and on native plum roots are larger in tree and of rather open habit.Trees of Forest Garden on own roots and on native plum roots are larger in tree and of rather open habit.cultivar 403Open Review parse
19release_year_referencetrees of Forest Garden on own roots and on native plum roots are larger in tree and of rather open habit.A. Norby observations are quoted for 1902, 1903, and 1904.cultivar 403Open Review parse
19productivitytrees of Forest Garden on own roots and on native plum roots are larger in tree and of rather open habit.A. Norby reported a good crop.cultivar 403Open Review parse
19description_snippettrees of Forest Garden on own roots and on native plum roots are larger in tree and of rather open habit.Fruit ripened August 26th.cultivar 403Open Review parse
19fruit_sizetrees of Forest Garden on own roots and on native plum roots are larger in tree and of rather open habit.Size reported as one and one-eighth to one and one-fourth inches.cultivar 403Open Review parse
19flavor_profiletrees of Forest Garden on own roots and on native plum roots are larger in tree and of rather open habit.Fruit described as sweet.cultivar 403Open Review parse
19entry_hardiness_observationtrees of Forest Garden on own roots and on native plum roots are larger in tree and of rather open habit.Fruit cracks badly after a rain.cultivar 403Open Review parse
19growth_habittrees of Forest Garden on own roots and on native plum roots are larger in tree and of rather open habit.Tree described as a little weak in 1902.cultivar 403Open Review parse
37selection_origin_referencecontains mainly such varieties as Hawkeye, Quaker, DeSoto, Wyant, Wolf and Forest GardenForest Garden was one of the main varieties in H. J. Gurney's Elk Point orchard.cultivar 403Open Review parse

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Linked Cultivars

IDCultivarEvidence / ClaimsRelationshipsHistory / PagesLink
431New Ulm4200Open cultivar
400Desoto4100Open cultivar
394Compass3400Open cultivar
403Forest Garden2900Open cultivar
390Cheney2800Open cultivar
377Aitkin2300Open cultivar
407Hammer2300Open cultivar
434Odegard2300Open cultivar
466Stoddard2300Open cultivar
163Wyant2100Open cultivar
416Lang2000Open cultivar
458Wolf1900Open cultivar
475Wood1900Open cultivar
161Terry1800Open cultivar
408Miner1800Open cultivar
420Mankato1700Open cultivar
383Bender1600Open cultivar
413Jones1600Open cultivar
451Rockford1600Open cultivar
92Surprise1500Open cultivar
389Champion1500Open cultivar
423Marcus1500Open cultivar
380Baldwin1400Open cultivar
401Early Minnesota1400Open cultivar
409Harrison1400Open cultivar
410Hart1400Open cultivar
412Iowa1400Open cultivar
415Klondike1400Open cultivar
425Milletts Early Red1300Open cultivar
459Smith1300Open cultivar
129Hawkeye1200Open cultivar
379Ames1200Open cultivar
397Diana1200Open cultivar
465State Fair No 241200Open cultivar
469Van Deman1200Open cultivar
432Norby No 111100Open cultivar
443Pilot1100Open cultivar
454J. B. Rue1100Open cultivar
392Clingstone Wolf1000Open cultivar
411Hunt'S De Soto1000Open cultivar
422Marcellus1000Open cultivar
433Ocheeda1000Open cultivar
455Dewolf Seedling1000Open cultivar
462State Fair No 361000Open cultivar
464State Fair No 381000Open cultivar
470Weaver1000Open cultivar
396Danish Damson Krueger900Open cultivar
399Dennis900Open cultivar
429Moldavka900Open cultivar
435Old Gold900Open cultivar
456Norby No 51900Open cultivar
388Caroline800Open cultivar
405Golden Prune800Open cultivar
440Oxford800Open cultivar
461State Fair No 34800Open cultivar
384Blackhawk700Open cultivar
386Burbank700Open cultivar
414Knudson'S Peach700Open cultivar
418Lombard700Open cultivar
428Milton700Open cultivar
447Prunus Nigra Yellow700Open cultivar
452Rollingstone700Open cultivar
460Speer700Open cultivar
473Wolf On Sand Cherry Stock700Open cultivar
385Black Prune600Open cultivar
398Downing600Open cultivar
421Maquoketa600Open cultivar
427Milletts Very Early Red600Open cultivar
436Olson600Open cultivar
463State Fair No 37600Open cultivar
468Van Buren600Open cultivar
474Freestone Wolf600Open cultivar
393Comfort500Open cultivar
395Crescent City500Open cultivar
402Esther500Open cultivar
417Lillie500Open cultivar
424Merunka500Open cultivar
438Orel No 20500Open cultivar
441Owatonna500Open cultivar
442Penning'S Peach500Open cultivar
467Ungarish Prune500Open cultivar
471Wildgoose500Open cultivar
472Winnebago500Open cultivar
378American Eagle400Open cultivar
381Barnsbeck400Open cultivar
382Bassett400Open cultivar
387Carpenter Seedling400Open cultivar
426Millett400Open cultivar
439Orel No 21400Open cultivar
449Purple Yosemite400Open cultivar
450Rareripe400Open cultivar
453Rue400Open cultivar
419Manitoba Seedlings300Open cultivar
430New American300Open cultivar
437Orel No 19300Open cultivar
444Pomona300Open cultivar
445Prunus Maritima300Open cultivar
446Prunus Nigra Crimson300Open cultivar
448Prunus Simoni300Open cultivar
476Yellow Yosemite300Open cultivar
457Quaker200Open cultivar
391De Soto100Open cultivar
404Free Silver100Open cultivar
406Italian Prune100Open cultivar
parsed onlyA. Norby18010, 18, 30No staging cultivar page yet
parsed onlyPrunus hortulana x americana Yellow13032, 33No staging cultivar page yet
parsed onlyPrunus americana x hortulana Crimson12032, 33No staging cultivar page yet
parsed onlyThe Compass12015No staging cultivar page yet
parsed onlyNorby No. 111028, 29No staging cultivar page yet
parsed onlyManitoba No. 110023No staging cultivar page yet
parsed onlyMyrobalan10067, 68, 69No staging cultivar page yet
parsed onlyRolling stone x Wolf10035No staging cultivar page yet
parsed onlyDanish Damson9016No staging cultivar page yet
parsed onlyMoidavka8027No staging cultivar page yet
parsed onlyW. H. Heald Seedlings8037No staging cultivar page yet
parsed onlyWestern Sand8069, 73No staging cultivar page yet
parsed onlyHarrison'S Peach7051, 52, 54No staging cultivar page yet
parsed onlyHunt'S Desoto7051, 52, 54No staging cultivar page yet
parsed onlyNorby Americana7034No staging cultivar page yet
parsed onlySmith Americana7038No staging cultivar page yet
parsed onlyHollingsstone Americana6034No staging cultivar page yet
parsed onlyPrunus Besseyi608No staging cultivar page yet
parsed onlyRussian6068, 69No staging cultivar page yet
parsed onlySpeer Americana6038No staging cultivar page yet
parsed onlyMarianna5068No staging cultivar page yet
parsed onlyPrunus Domestica508No staging cultivar page yet
parsed onlyRockford Americana5034No staging cultivar page yet
parsed onlySt Julien5068, 69No staging cultivar page yet
parsed onlyChickasaw4084No staging cultivar page yet
parsed onlyNative4073No staging cultivar page yet
parsed onlyPeach4068No staging cultivar page yet
parsed onlyPrunus Triflora408No staging cultivar page yet
parsed onlyRussian No. 34036No staging cultivar page yet
parsed onlyWeaver Americana4042No staging cultivar page yet
parsed onlyWildgoose Wildgoose4042No staging cultivar page yet
parsed onlyEuropean Sloe3068, 69No staging cultivar page yet
parsed onlyPrunus americana x hortulana (yellow form)3055No staging cultivar page yet
parsed onlyRollingstone x Wolf3055No staging cultivar page yet
parsed onlyRussian No. 23036No staging cultivar page yet
parsed onlyWolf Seedling (No 11)3055No staging cultivar page yet
parsed onlyWolf Seedling (No 14)3055No staging cultivar page yet
parsed onlyBixby2086No staging cultivar page yet
parsed onlyCottrell2086No staging cultivar page yet
parsed onlyF. No. 362057No staging cultivar page yet
parsed onlyFlammer2087No staging cultivar page yet
parsed onlyHender2053No staging cultivar page yet
parsed onlyJapanese2069No staging cultivar page yet
parsed onlyM. J. De Wolf2053No staging cultivar page yet
parsed onlyWinnebago Americana2042No staging cultivar page yet
parsed onlyWolf Seedling 122058No staging cultivar page yet
parsed onlyAngustifolia1069No staging cultivar page yet
parsed onlyBrittlewood1085No staging cultivar page yet
parsed onlyF. No. 11057No staging cultivar page yet
parsed onlyF. No. 111057No staging cultivar page yet
parsed onlyF. No. 141057No staging cultivar page yet
parsed onlyF. No. 211057No staging cultivar page yet
parsed onlyF. No. 341057No staging cultivar page yet
parsed onlyF. No. 61057No staging cultivar page yet
parsed onlyGoose1048No staging cultivar page yet
parsed onlyMellette'S Early Red1058No staging cultivar page yet
parsed onlyNative Plum (Native Plum Race)1069No staging cultivar page yet
parsed onlyPottawattamie1048No staging cultivar page yet
parsed onlyWayl1069No staging cultivar page yet
parsed onlyWolf Seedling G1058No staging cultivar page yet
parsed onlyWolf Seedling Q1058No staging cultivar page yet
parsed onlyWolf Seedling V1058No staging cultivar page yet

Document-Linked Records

Relationships: 4

History events: 5

These are the structured records currently tied to this document. They should line up with the document’s main cultivar story.

Rights Records

StatusLicenseHolder
unknown

Credibility Records

TierScoreAssessorRationale
tier_355autoUnclassified domain; requires manual source evaluation

Translation Records

Source LangTarget LangMethodStatusNote
No translation records.

Translation Quality Assessments

Translation IDScoreRiskAssessorRationale
No translation assessments.

Publication Records

StatusVisibilityReviewerNote
No publication records.

Extracted Entities

TypeValueConfidence
institution_candidateSDSU Agricultural Experiment Station0.60
institution_candidateSouth Dakota Agricultural College0.60
institution_candidateBulletins SDSU Agricultural Experiment Station0.60
institution_candidateSouth Dakota State University0.60
taxon_keywordprunus0.75

Extracted Claims

TypeClaimConfidence
institution_referenceSDSU Agricultural Experiment Station0.60
institution_referenceSouth Dakota Agricultural College0.60
institution_referenceBulletins SDSU Agricultural Experiment Station0.60
institution_referenceSouth Dakota State University0.60
year_reference19050.55